Why Storage Matters
Improper medication storage can reduce drug effectiveness, alter chemical stability, or create safety risks. Pharmacy technicians are responsible for ensuring medications are stored correctly, making this a testable topic on the PTCE.
Room Temperature Storage
Most medications are stored at controlled room temperature. This generally means a range that avoids extremes of heat and cold. Medications should be kept away from direct sunlight, moisture, and excessive humidity. The pharmacy itself maintains appropriate conditions for most medications.
Refrigerated Medications
Some medications require refrigerator storage, including certain insulins (before opening), some antibiotics after reconstitution, and many vaccines. Refrigerated items must be stored within the appropriate temperature range and monitored regularly.
Frozen Medications
A smaller number of medications require freezer storage. These must be kept in a dedicated freezer that maintains appropriate temperatures. Some medications are stored frozen and then thawed before dispensing or administration.
Light-Sensitive Medications
Certain medications degrade when exposed to light. These are typically stored in amber-colored containers or kept in light-protective packaging. Nitroglycerin is a commonly cited example of a light-sensitive medication.
Reconstituted Medications
Some medications are stored as powders and reconstituted with liquid before dispensing. Once reconstituted, they often have different storage requirements and a limited period during which they remain stable. Antibiotics for pediatric patients are commonly dispensed in this form.
Controlled Substance Storage
Controlled substances have additional security storage requirements beyond temperature considerations. They must be stored in a locked area with limited access, and inventory must be carefully tracked. These requirements are mandated by the DEA.